No matter if die cast, or sand cast, you still need cooling passages inside the block, which means the cast mold has to keep the casting material out of those area's. So any casting mold is not only shaped like the outside of an engine, but also all the internal water cooling parts as well. and of course, the internal parts need to be aligned with the external shape, so what the "freeze plug" holes really are is the supports for the internal structure of the mold (ie the water passages). The internal bits of the cast will always be expendable, you have to be able to wash them out afterwards. Die casting, where the outside parts are heavy steel, allows you to pump the casting material in under pressure, instead of letting gravity do the work, but that doesn't change the need for a removable internal core of sand, or whatever material. FWIW, an aluminum alloy with 12% silicon is an eutectic alloy! One of it's advantages is that it will transition from a liquid to a sold almost instantaneously, which helps with manufacturing. All those Hyper-eutectic pistons you've been reading about, well that means they have more than 12% silicon. _______________________________________________ AMC-list mailing list AMC-list@xxxxxxxxxxxx http://list.amc-list.com/listinfo.cgi/amc-list-amc-list.com